The journey of protein within the body!
Digestion: Enzymes in the stomach and small intestine break down ingested protein into its fundamental units - amino acids.
Absorption: These amino acids are absorbed into the bloodstream, becoming readily available for various functions.
Utilisation: Amino acids play a critical role in building and repairing muscle tissue, particularly after exercise. Additionally, they serve as building blocks for enzymes, hormones, and antibodies, supporting overall health and function.
Metabolic Fate: Excess amino acids undergo deamination, a process that removes the nitrogen-containing amino group, leaving a valuable carbon skeleton.
Carbon Skeleton’s Destiny: The carbon skeleton can be used for a number of purposes, such as:
- Energy Production: The body can break it down for fuel as needed.
- Gluconeogenesis: For certain amino acids, the carbon skeleton can be converted into intermediates used to create new glucose.
Nitrogen Excretion: The leftover amino group, rich in nitrogen, is a metabolic byproduct. The liver efficiently converts it into urea, a safer waste product.
- Urinary Excretion: Urea travels through the bloodstream to the kidneys for excretion in urine.
This intricate process ensures the body utilizes protein effectively while efficiently eliminating waste products!